Background/purpose. This study examines the relationship between middle and high school teachers' perceptions of psychological contract violation and their levels of psychological resilience, and evaluates differences across demographic characteristics.

Materials/methods. Using a quantitative, cross-sectional correlational design, the study collected data from 349 teachers in Elazığ Province during the 2024–2025 academic year using the Psychological Contract Violation Form and the Brief Psychological Resilience Scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent-samples t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and simple linear regression.

Results. The results showed that the mean psychological contract violation score for teachers was 3.061, while the mean psychological resilience score was 3.541. A negative, moderate, and statistically significant relationship was found between psychological contract violation and psychological resilience (r = −0.319; p < 0.001). Simple linear regression indicated that psychological contract violation scores explained 10.2% of the variance in psychological resilience scores (R² = 0.102). In comparisons of demographic variables, it was determined that psychological contract violation showed significant differences based on marital status and the school level at which teachers work, while psychological resilience showed significant differences based on gender and marital status; neither variable showed significant differences based on years of professional experience.

Background/purpose. In today's sports world, elite athletes and recreational participants can sustain their activities, enhance performance, and remain competitive not only through talent but also through training and psychosocial states. Individuals actively engaged in sports require innovative psychosocial support to achieve their desired outcomes successfully and satisfactorily. Achieving a state of "optimal performance" during athletic activity is considered crucial for completing the activity in a healthy way. The primary objective of this study is to examine the optimal performance emotional states of athletes involved in individual sports disciplines.

Materials/methods.  The study used the "Personal Information Form" and the "Optimal Performance State Scale" as data collection tools. The study population consisted of 3,598 individuals actively engaged in individual sports disciplines in the provinces of Hatay, Kahramanmaras, and Osmaniye, which fall under the Ministry of Development's TR63 regional plan. The sample comprised 356 athletes from this population who met the eligibility criteria. The data were analyzed using SPSS; descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation) and relational statistics—specifically the t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) — were used.

Results.  The study found that athletes in individual sports have high levels of self-confidence based on both aptitude and skill. Male athletes showed a clearer understanding of their intentions and desired achievements than female athletes, and they focused on their goals more effectively. Furthermore, the study found that athletes' sports disciplines, years of experience, and status as national team members positively influence the state of mind associated with optimal performance.

Background/purpose. Teacher burnout and job satisfaction are critical factors affecting both individual well-being and educational effectiveness. This study aimed to determine the relationship between teachers’ perceptions of job satisfaction and burnout levels, and to examine whether these variables differ by personal and professional characteristics such as gender, marital status, seniority, education level, and school type.

Methods. This study used a quantitative approach with a relational research design. The sample consisted of 474 teachers working in Elazığ during the 2024–2025 academic year, selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected using the Personal Information Form, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, and the Job Satisfaction Scale.

Results. The findings indicated that teachers’ perceptions of job satisfaction were high, whereas perceptions of burnout were low. A moderate, negative, and statistically significant relationship was found between job satisfaction and burnout. Job satisfaction was identified as an important predictor of burnout. Married teachers reported significantly higher job satisfaction than single teachers.

Background/purpose.  Universities are primarily expected to train qualified professionals through degree programs. They are also expected to produce knowledge through scientific research and to train scholars who can create new knowledge by using the existing knowledge for the development of societies. In Türkiye, the number of higher education institutions has increased significantly since 2005. However, to the best of the researchers’ knowledge, the research concentrating on the achievement of the latter through graduate programs in these institutions is a bit scarce. Therefore, this particular study was intended to examine the quality of scientist training in Turkish universities from the perspectives of academics and graduate students, to identify the challenges encountered in the process, and to offer solutions to these challenges.

Materials/methods. For in-depth data collection, this qualitative study was grounded on a phenomenological research framework. The sample consisted of 21 academics (7 professors, 7 associate professors, and 7 assistant professors) and 21 graduate students enrolled in various graduate programs at a state university in Türkiye. The research data were collected using a semi-structured interview form developed by the researchers and subjected to content analysis using the NVivo software.

Results. The findings of the study indicated that the primary mission of the Turkish universities regarding scientific and social development are, respectively (i) the production of new knowledge and technology, (ii) training qualified workforce, (iii) responding to societal needs, (iv) supporting industrial production, and (v) providing education and knowledge transfer. It was also indicated that they primarily fulfill the mission of knowledge transfer and teaching and, in their current state, fall short of meeting other expectations.